real -life legitimacy of authority justifies harming others as people authorise another person as capable of making their judgements for them so their own judgements don't matter hence they will carry out harmful acts on another person's say so, for example My Lai village where 500 unarmed elderly, women and children were killed on a commander's instructions Open mobile menu Can we generalize from studies on animals to humans as their anatomy & physiology is different from humans? 1. This is linked with the uniform factor, as a uniform conveys a sense of legitimacy and authority. A strength of the study is that it has altered the way US prisons are run. Different societies vary the terms of this dimension. This raises the issue of whether its morally and/or scientifically right to use animals. In the case of legitimate authority, compliance is voluntary and based on a belief in the right of the authority to demand compliance. Evaluating situational explanations of obedience - Legitimacy of Authority. If PsychBoost is helping in your studies, consider https://www.patreon.com/psychboost - I'm making A-level psych perks for patreons!Agentic state and legitim. Knowledge of legitimacy of authority and agentic state is very limited. Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE. In the study, the pps believed they were following orders given by an authority figure. By in best place to live in alabama 2022. "Power" refers to the ability to achieve certain ends, 'authority' refers to the legitimacy, justification and right to exercise that power.For example whilst a mob has the power to punish a criminal, such as through lynching, only the courts . A institution does not have to be particularly reputable to be effective in creating a legitimate authority as when his shock study was carried out in a rundown office in Bridgeport it still obtained relatively high level . Need help with . Explanations of resistance to social influence, including social support and locus of control. Created on: 07-11-19 08:53; 3. These questions cover: explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational variables affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram Essential Revision Materials for A Level Students A legitimate authority figure can be individuals or organizations such as the government, the boss at work, a police officer or as demonstrated in Milgram's study (1963) a scientist. Therefore, the violence the children witnessed was on television and was The relational model of authority: Social categorization effects on the psychology of legitimacy. The first condition needed for a person to shift to the agentic state is the perception of a legitimate authority, i.e. Discover short videos related to legitimacy of authority psychology on TikTok. . E.g. say why this is a problem in this particular Dispositional explanation for obedience: the Authoritarian Personality. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. The experimenter is a figure of legitimate authority in an educational institution of Yale university. Advantages. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. For instance, some participants said they conformed to fit in with the group, this claim coincides (supports) Normative influence which states that people conform to fit in when privately disagreeing with the majority. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley. The A03 contains a deep explanation of both strengths and limitations to the theory/study, along with evidential support or criticis. We're available through e-mail, live chat and Facebook. (@grahamdavid), Steve Rathje - Psychology(@stevepsychology), Mindcape(@mindcape), Steve Rathje - Psychology(@stevepsychology . Legitimacy of Authority. tomtyler@socrates.berkeley.edu PMID: 15661667 The role of social influence processes in social change. studies and methods. people in certain positions hold auhtority over the rest of us such as parents teachers and bouncers. The notion of authority is one of the most controversial concepts found in legal and political philosophy. For instance Milgrams work gives an insight into why people under the Nazi reign were willing to kill Jews when given orders to do so. For extra AO3 points link Aschs results to theories/reasons why people may conform to the majority. Helps explain why obedience leads to real life war crimes- My Lai massacre in terms of the power hierarchy of the US Army. 6. Explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational variables affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram. Milgram suggested that we are more likely to obey a person who has a higher position or status in a socialhierarchy. It has been included in the discussion of legitimate forms of social organization and legitimate forms of political action. To gain marks for criticising studys methodologies the The answer as a whole lacks clarity, has many inaccuracies and is poorly organised. Allow Necessary Cookies & Continue Across. What the spec says: Explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational variables affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram. 2002-2022 Tutor2u Limited. Authoritarianism correlated with prejudice against minority groups) but we cannot say that one variable causes another Adorno cannot claim that a harsh parenting style caused a development of an Authoritarian personality, we must consider other explanations like legitimacy of authority. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. [_social_login] legitimacy of authority psychology someone who is perceived to be in a position of social control within a situation. Copyright Get Revising 2022 all rights reserved. study. against a doll not a human. Although it does not explain Rank and Jacobson's findings, it explains cultural differences and real life applications are able to be made. Researchers think several factors cause people to carry obedience to extremes: People justify their behavior by assigning responsibility to the authority rather than themselves. Continue with Recommended Cookies. This is good because it improves the reliability of the study and also helps establish a causal relationship. In the case of pure power, compliance to the demands of the powerful is based on fear of consequences or . The study's findings cannot be applied to female prisons or those from other countries. Legitimacy of authority. This study explained why interpersonal injustice enacted by representatives of an authority might undermine perceived legitimacy of the actual authority. Approaches To Human Behaviour; . I.e the study has low ecological validity. For this topic it's really important to read the question carefully to see specifically what it's asking you. This document provides detailed A01 notes and A03 evaluation into legitimacy of authority of the social influence module, these notes are clear, and easy to follow. Manage Settings Legitimacy is supported by Milgram's study of obedience. Free Revision Crosswords for Social Psychology 9th March 2017 Explanations for Obedience -Variations of Milgram (1963) Study Notes including group size, unanimity and task difficulty as investigated by Asch. The study has received many ethical criticisms, including lack of fully informed consent by participants as Zimbardo himself did not know what would happen in the experiment (it was unpredictable). An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Hide Show resource information. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. Demand characteristics could explain the findings of the study. Chat; Life and style; Entertainment; Debate and current affairs; Study help; University help and courses; Universities and HE colleges; Careers and jobs; Explore all the forums on Forums home page "If an order given by a leader to a member of his group is accepted by the member and controls his activity in the group, then the order is said to carry authority" C.I Barnard Authority means the ability to control the behavior of others. Copyright Get Revising 2022 all rights reserved. In politics, authority is often used interchangeably with the term "power".However, their meanings differ. . Boston Spa, Highlight the value that Milgrams work has provided to social Psychology. We built a moderated mediation model in which. a theory go on to describe a piece of research evidence saying, Xs study Tag Archives for: "Legitimacy of Authority" Home Legitimacy of Authority. Psychology; Obedience; A2/A-level; AQA; . ecological validity. The main criterion is that benefits must outweigh costs. Authority Authority means the legitimate or acceptable use of power. The Concept of Legitimacy in Social, Organizational, and Political Psychology Although the concept of legitimacy may be relatively new to empirical psychology, it has played an extremely prominent role in social and polit-ical philosophy for well over 2,000 years, as Zelditch recounts in the next chapter. The strength of the bias to obey a legitimate authority figure comes from systemic socialization practices designed to instill the perception that such obedience constitutes correct behavior, and that genuine authority figures usually possess higher degrees of knowledge, wisdom and power. Interpersonal authority Political authority. Furthermore, it is possible that the participants may have felt embarrassed when the true nature of the study was revealed. (AO1) In these studies, participants obeyed an authority figure by giving electric shocks to a learner. Dispositional explanation for obedience: the Authoritarian Personality. Prod 2: the experiment requires you to continue. Obedience: social-psychological factors. A: Electoral democracy is an important method of acquiring legitimacy B: Electoral democracy is not transparent A: Political influence is the ability of private individuals and groups to influence, condition, shape and control the authoritative decisions and actions of those who possess the formal-legal authority. Explanations for conformity: This essay plan includes detailed information about the agentic state and legitimacy of authority as well as five in depth evaluation points following the PEEL structure (poin. Psychology Religion and Bible Social Studies Social Work Sociology Mathematics; Algebra Algebra II Arithmetic Calculus . Boston House, 7. Most of the guards later claimed they were simply acting. (a) analyse, interpret and evaluate scientific information, ideas and evidence, including in relation An agentic shift occurs when a person defers to the authority figure. Variables affecting conformity Legitimacy of Authority. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. People define the behavior that's expected of them as routine. Tag Archives for: "Legitimacy of Authority". Also, the prisoners did not consent to being 'arrested' at home. (a) apply knowledge and understanding of scientific ideas, processes, techniques and procedures: This skill area tests knowledge of research design and data analysis, and applying theoretical For example, would they agree or disagree with a theory or the findings of the study? are laboratory experiments and therefore criticisable on the grounds of lacking Legitimacy Of Authority. develop and refine practical design and procedures. This is linked with the uniform factor, as a uniform conveys a sense of legitimacy and authority. Animal research also raises the issue of extrapolation. legitimacy of authority psychology legitimacy of authority psychologypayday 2 view other players mods. broader debates and approaches in Psychology. Conformity to social roles as investigated by Zimbardo. Specialist terminology is either absent or inappropriately used OR one theory only at Level 1/2. [Show more] Preview 1 out of 3 pages This means that it might not be possible to generalise the finding to a real life setting, as people do not usually receive orders to hurt another person in real life. When people choose . Also, participants playing the role of prisoners were not protected from psychological harm, experiencing incidents of humiliation and distress. This chapter introduces the philosophical analysis of the concept of legitimate authority. Authority and Legitimacy. A01 LEGITAMCY OF AUTHORITY: Most societies are structured hiearchally. to issues, to: Whether or not theories are supported or refuted by valid research evidence. 2. 1. 5. Animal Research - Menu. Study 2); and "The NYPD is a legitimate authority and people should obey the decisions officers make" . Author T R Tyler 1 Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1650, USA. n. the capacity to influence others either directly or indirectly. 806 8067 22, Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE. In addition Zimbardo did conduct debriefing sessions for several years afterwards and concluded they were no lasting negative effects. For example, America is an. Formal authority, for example, enables an individual to exert influence as a result of either high, legally recognized office (legitimate authority). People don't want to be rude or offend the authority. It also highlights how we can all be blind to obedience often doing things without question. Company Registration Number: 8600593 procedures. 214 High Street, People enter an ____ when carrying out orders of an authority figure (7, 5) 4. This is significant because they recognised legitimate authority as the cause of obedience therefore supporting Milgram's explanation for obedience.However, other research shows that the behaviours of the Nazis cannot be explained in terms of authority and an agentic shift. Thus supporting this as an explanation for obedience. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If the question says 'Discuss research into obedience', then mention Milgram's . Attachment; Memory; Psychopathology; Social Psychology; Paper 2. . Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. Research Methods Exam Questions and Answers (30 marks), Effective use of terminology (use the technical terms). After describing 1997;1 (4):323-45. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0104_4. General criticisms and/or strengths of theories and studies. 4. This provides evidence that legitimate authority is a relevant explanation of obedience. the purpose of an agency relationship is to quizlet spanish churro recipe. The sample therefore lacks population validity. Prod 4: you have no other choice but to continue. Types of conformity: internalisation, identification and compliance. Rank and Jacobson 1977 -found only 2 of 18 nurses obeyed when a known drug (Valium) was ordered at 3 times the recommended drug by a known doctor. Banduras Bobo Doll studies understanding of psychology to everyday/real-life examples. The traditional goal of legal authorities has been to obtain widespread public compliance with the law and legal directives. Abstract Legitimacy is a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just. informational social influence and normative social influence. Contextualising how the topic in question relates to Milgram suggested that we are more likely to obey a person who has a higher position or status in a social hierarchy. Legitimacy is a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just. supports/refutes this theory and then describe the research study. 0.0 / 5. (b) show a knowledge and understanding of psychological theories, terminology, concepts, In another variation, the observation was moved from the prestigious ivy league university to a seedy office in a run-down city. 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