DNS rebinding headless browsers with dref. Description: External service interaction (DNS) The ability to induce an application to interact with an arbitrary external service, such as a web or mail server, does not constitute a vulnerability in its own right. require less than $100 to temporarily hijack 100,000 IP addresses for sending spam and defrauding pay-per-click advertisers. Get started with Burp Suite Enterprise Edition. Enter your desired DNS. We've added a new domain name for the public Burp Collaborator server. aws s3api get-bucket-acl --bucket examples3bucketname aws s3api get-object-acl --bucket examples3bucketname --key dir/file.ext aws s3api list-objects --bucket examples3bucketname aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket examples3bucketname aws s3api get-object --bucket examples3bucketname --key dir/file.ext localfilename.ext aws s3api put-object --bucket examples3bucketname --key dir/file.ext --body . In theory, the same-origin policy prevents this from happening: client-side scripts are only allowed to access content on the same host that served . An awful, awful thing to stumble upon. ]com/home.html and sends an HTTP request to http://www[.]yourname[.]com/news[. He adds: In particular, having an extension that monitors browser behavior has some advantage, such as sharing the same environment and information such as already resolved IPs, or sharing the same parser implementation, which will minimize exposition to specific issues such as TOCTOU (Time Of Check to Time Of Use)". DNS Rebind Toolkit - DNS Rebind Toolkit is a frontend JavaScript framework for developing DNS Rebinding exploits against vulnerable hosts and services on a local area network . #DnsRebinding #WebSecurityA simple rebinding attack, using VMs.Here link for download files:- user_zip: https://seedsecuritylabs.org/Labs_16.04/Networking/DN. This means that the simple attack scenario explained before would take more than 2 minutes to execute. My Linksys was doing something like . However, some systems perform DNS lookups without any intention of connecting to the remote host. Automated Scanning Scale dynamic scanning. Settings > Networks > WAN change the DNS to 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1. But the authors warned that even security measures such as filtering solutions were open to be exploited using the tool. DNS rebinding is a method of manipulating resolution of domain names that is commonly used as a form of computer attack. The goal of the DNS rebinding attack is to bypass the restrictions of the SOP. A DNS rebinding attack uses JavaScript in a malicious Web page to gain control of a router. Open the Google Home app . ]html (different protocol). You should review the purpose and intended use of the relevant application functionality, and determine whether the ability to trigger arbitrary external service interactions is intended behavior. DNS amplification and reflection attacks use DNS open resolvers to increase the volume of attacks and to hide the true source of an attack, actions that typically result in a DoS or DDoS attack. Configure your browser to work with Burp Suite, Install Burp's SSL certificate in your browser, Learn about the basics of using Burp Suite, Burp Suite Professional and Community editions, View community discussions about Extensibility, Out-of-band application security testing (OAST), CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF), CWE-406: Insufficient Control of Network Message Volume (Network Amplification). They told The Daily Swig: Specifically, IPS/DNS filtering solutions are often recommended to address DNS rebinding attacks but we found a way to bypass at least one filtering solution available for us to test using Singularity. Zait told The Daily Swig: The IP Address will be automatically revealed; the ports will be scanned and even the DNS rebinding will be automatic for every host and port.. Tap DNS Custom. Russia is failing in its mission to destabilize Ukraines networks, Human error bugs increasingly making a splash, study indicates, Software supply chain attacks everything you need to know, Inaugural report outlines strengths and weaknesses exposed by momentous security flaw, Flaw that opened the door to cookie modification and data theft resolved. In short, these attacks take advantage of design flaws or weaknesses in how some Internet applications (notably web browsers) cache DNS data so that internal network . The term "DNS Server" can also vary based on context. Step 4: The victim device fails the cache after T (the value of TTL) seconds and perform step 1 again. Company Yourname Inc. hosts its intranet behind a firewall. Some DNS servers may also apply this policy to the Tailscale IP range (RFC6598: 100 . All rights reserved, https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/dns-security.html. Clients must have functional DNS if they are to reach other devices such as servers using their hostnames or fully qualified domain names. The Domain Name System (DNS) is the phonebook of the Internet. Out-of-band resource load (HTTP) 2. This might even be the intended behavior of the application. By submitting suitable payloads, an attacker can cause the application server to attack other systems that it can interact with. Attackers can exploit this by using JavaScript in a malicious web page to gain control over a users internal networks HTTP resources. Read more of the latest browser security news. Turbo Intruder. . Vulnerable target sends DNS requests to your DNS server containing interesting data. By submitting this form, you agree to our Terms of Use and acknowledge our Privacy Statement. Burp Extender lets you extend the functionality of Burp Suite in numerous ways. When DNS rebinding attack protection is active the DNS Resolver strips RFC 1918 addresses from DNS responses. Recent reports showed a DNS Rebinding attack can take over IoT and unmanaged devices. If you would like to use IPv6, we suggest using 2001:4860:4860::8888 as your Primary Server and 2001:4860:4860 . Di Paola sees use cases for Behave! DNS rebinding is a method of manipulating resolution of domain names that is commonly used as a form of computer attack.In this attack, a malicious web page causes visitors to run a client-side script that attacks machines elsewhere on the network. access, dns, DNS rebind, homelab, monitor, my servers, openvpn, remote access, ssl, tls, unraid, wireguard 07/04/2021 07/04/2021 By Andrew Howe As the title suggests, I wanted to explore some of the features of the new myservers plugin. This may include public third-party systems, internal systems within the same organization, or services available on the local loopback adapter of the application server itself. A: http://www[.]yourname[.]com/index[. The DNS server controlled by the bad actor sends the correct IP address to the employees request but with a very short TTL to prevent the response from being cached. IoTs are usually exposed with less security in the intranet, he says, and UPnP-aware devices such as smart TVs are sometimes poor in security.. DNS rebinding establishes communication between the attacker's server and a web application on . For example, URLs A and B have the same origin, but URL C has a different origin. Penetration Testing Accelerate penetration testing - find more bugs, more quickly. DNS, or Domain Name System, is the mechanism by which a network device resolves a name like www.example.com to an IP address such as 198.51.100.25, or vice versa. The origin of a website is defined by the protocol (e.g., http://), domain (e.g., paloaltonetworks.com), and port (e.g., :80). These vulnerabilities can be exploited to execute arbitrary system commands (remote command execution) through both geckodriver and chromedriver. The employees browser downloads the page containing malicious code that binds the local IP address to the attackers DNS server. No way to turn it off. We hope that Singularity and its supporting documentation increase awareness among developers and security teams on how to prevent DNS rebinding vulnerabilities., RELATED Web caching may be the backdoor in your site. Communication with domains used for malicious activities such as phishing and crypto mining. If the ability to trigger arbitrary external service interactions is not intended behavior, then you should implement a whitelist of permitted services and hosts, and block any interactions that do not appear on this whitelist. This server has a very small TTL on the DNS record that it serves, and will serve the actual DNS record to the site the first time, and a malicious DNS record pointing to some hidden server the second . automatically checks whether port scanning is taking place, alerting users if the number of ports or protocols used during a browser session exceeds a specific limit 20 by default, but settable by the user. This talk from the security researcher Orange Tsai as well as this document provide techniques on how to . However, in some cases, it can indicate a vulnerability with serious . For example, a 300-second TLL keeps records for five minutes. . Websites with the same-origin policy restrict cross-policy interactions. The kit, dubbed singularity of origin, was launched last week by a team from NCC Group. In this attack, a malicious web page causes visitors to run a client-side script that attacks machines elsewhere on the network. We just launched a subtle new feature for all OpenDNS account holders (it's free) that helps protect against a class of DNS vulnerabilities known as DNS Rebinding attacks. Bug Bounty Hunting Level up your hacking and earn more bug bounties. DNS rebinding establishes communication between the attackers server and a web application on an internal network through a browser. Figure 2. Russia is failing in its mission to destabilize Ukraines networks, Human error bugs increasingly making a splash, study indicates, Software supply chain attacks everything you need to know, Inaugural report outlines strengths and weaknesses exposed by momentous security flaw, Flaw that opened the door to cookie modification and data theft resolved, NCC Group raises awareness of age old bug with new prevention kit. ]html, B: http://www[.]yourname[.]com/news[. Unless you have configured Burp to use a private Collaborator server, Burp Scanner and the Burp Collaborator client will now use oastify.com for their Collaborator payloads instead of burpcollaborator.net. And luckily, most of the time you end up stumbling on it by accident, it's not something that you find on purpose, most of the time. Our tool is easy to setup, comes with good documentation and payloads for vulnerable programs. To learn more, visit https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/dns-security.html. DNS rebinding attacks are usually used to compromise devices and use them as relay points inside an internal network. uci . To find the source of an external service interaction, try to identify whether it is triggered by specific application functionality, or occurs indiscriminately on all requests. Extensions can be written in Java, Python or Ruby. Reduce risk. What is DNS? For example, local port scan, cross protocol attacks, and DNS rebinding are very old attacks that are still possible and difficult to completely fix by browser vendors, because they abuse core features of the web ecosystem.. Selenium Server (Grid) is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) and DNS-rebinding attacks. These attacks are possible because the open resolver will respond to queries from anyone asking a question. DNS Rebinding lets you send commands to systems behind a victim's firewall, as long as they've somehow come to a domain you own asking for a resource, and you're able to run JavaScript in their browser. In UniFi OS go to Settings > Networks > LAN and set the DHCP Name Server to your PiHole DNS only. Russia is failing in its mission to destabilize Ukraines networks, Human error bugs increasingly making a splash, study indicates, Software supply chain attacks everything you need to know, Inaugural report outlines strengths and weaknesses exposed by momentous security flaw, Flaw that opened the door to cookie modification and data theft resolved, Open source privacy tool now available for Chrome and Firefox. Optional: While we are looking at UniFi, let's go ahead and use Cloudflare as the DNS for the UDM Pro / UDM / USG. DNS rebinding attacks subvert the same-origin policy and convert browsers into open network proxies. Get help and advice from our experts on all things Burp. It simplifies the process of performing a DNS rebinding attack, where an attacker is able to takeover a victim's browser and break the single origin policy. Web surfing and email delivery, among many other web services, rely on the internets phone book to translate domain names such as Google.com to IP addresses. Granted, maybe it picks you to mess with your head, who can tell. is currently available for Chrome and Firefox. A typical DNS rebinding attack usually goes through the following stages: 1 . This project is meant to be an All-in-one Toolkit to test further DNS rebinding attacks and my take on understanding these kind of attacks. Make PiHole look like the picture below. The ability to send requests to other systems can allow the vulnerable server to be used as an attack proxy. Information on ordering, pricing, and more. ]html will be restricted. Step 4. Broken Browser - Fun with Browser Vulnerabilities. Catch critical bugs; ship more secure software, more quickly. The world's #1 web penetration testing toolkit. in the home-working sphere, where mixed home-VPN-work networks could expose resources. DNS Rebinding Headless Browsers. See what our users are saying about Burp Suite: Take a look at our Documentation section for full details about every Burp Suite tool, function and configuration option. Lets assume an employee of Yourname Inc. is surfing the internet from a laptop or tablet inside the companys network and clicks on www[.]badactor[.]com. NCC Groups Gerald Doussot and Roger Meyer, who wrote the tool, told The Daily Swig: Many developers think it's safe to write software that has debug services listening only locally, but we've had several engagements where we were able to remotely compromise applications using DNS rebinding. 2022-04-23 08:49 AM. In theory, the same-origin policy prevents this from happening: client-side scripts . However, this convenience opens your systems to . These measures might include blocking network access from the application server to other internal systems, and hardening the application server itself to remove any services available on the local loopback adapter. The kit, dubbed 'singularity of origin', was launched last week by a team from NCC Group. DNS requests are interpreted by Sqlmap. A full list of the alerts provided by Microsoft Defender for DNS is on the alerts reference page. Host to Host DNS conversations dropped on SONICWALL drop code: Packet dropped - DNS Rebind attack. DevSecOps Catch critical bugs; ship more secure software, more quickly. In this attack, a malicious web page causes visitors to run a client-side script that attacks machines elsewhere on the network. could also be developed for other browsers: If their API supports whats needed, I would be glad to make it work for Edge and Safari, too., DEEP DIVES What is Fetch Metadata? DNS rebinding attack can be used to . The tunnel lets you surf the victims internal network like a regular website, and lets you manage the victims, he added. Save time/money. Boost your cybersecurity skills - with free, online web security training. The init service merges all entries to an additional hosts file used with the --addn-hosts option. The tool was created with pentesters in mind, and to increase awareness for developers and security teams on how to prevent DNS rebinding, the tools creators said. The attackers register the domain http://www[.]badactor[. This behavior is typically harmless. To look at the content of the DoH HTTPS requests and responses, common HTTP proxies such as Portswigger's Burp Suite or the OWASP Zed Attack . The browser extension also alerts users when a web page accesses an IP belonging to loopback addresses IPv4 127.0.0.1/8 and IPv6 ::1/128, along with private networks IPv4 10.0.0.0/8 172.16.0.0/12 192.168.0.0/16, and unique local addresses IPv6 fc00::/7. Resolution . ]com now points to 60.6.6.60, and because this IP is of the same origin, the attackers code can exfiltrate the companys information and sensitive data. Out-of-Band Application Security Testing (OAST) is highly effective at uncovering high-risk features, to the point where finding the root cause of an interaction can be quite challenging. The domain www[.]badactor[. This will help to reduce false negatives, enabling you to identify . The authors continued: Existing tools for launching DNS attacks rely on complex setup procedures or out-of-date libraries and are mostly abandoned. Learn about the latest security exploits - to stay ahead of emerging threats. For getting sneaky with SSRF attacks you can have a DNS record point to 127.0.0.1. 23 Aug 2018 Written by alxk. Truly. Some DNS servers have a feature called DNS rebinding protection. The term "DNS server" is ambiguous because a server involved in DNS can act in one or more specific roles which differ significantly. This research got nominated (not by me!) In this video explain what the DNS Rebinding attacks are and how to mitigate them. This was fixed in 4.0.0-alpha-7. Exploiting DNS rebinding to perform cross-origin requests for exfiltrating data from a victim's local area network Gatsby patches SSRF, XSS bugs in Cloud Image CDN, Remediation compared to changing the tires on a car while in motion, Malicious PoCs exposing GitHub users to malware, New research suggests thousands of PoCs could be dangerous, Urlscan.io API unwittingly leaks sensitive URLs, data, Public listings have made sensitive data searchable due to misconfigured third-party services, Hyped OpenSSL bug downgraded to high severity, Punycode-related flaw fails the logo test, Web caching may be the backdoor in your site. And at the moment its even simpler, it monitors just the communication attempts to private IPs, he says. Download the latest version of Burp Suite. (4) 3 DNS; DNS Rebinding ]html, C: https:///www[.]yourname[.]com/index[. Try changing your router's DNS server to Cloudflare ( 1.1.1.1 / 1.0.0.1) or Google ( 8.8.8.8 / 8.4.4.8 ). Turbo Intruder is a Burp Suite extension for sending large numbers of HTTP requests and analyzing the results. Accelerate penetration testing - find more bugs, more quickly. With Burp, go to Burp Menu > Generate Collaborator Payloads. Step 3: The JS code snippet runs on the victim's machine and sends a request for JSON format data at intervals t seconds to the Attacker DNS server. Export Packet Capture in .pcap and .HTML format, filtering UDP on port 53 This might even be the intended behavior of the application. James Kettle - Head of Research at PortSwigger Web Security. The best mitigation against DNS rebinding attacks is at the DNS layer. Zait and Levy unveiled ReDTunnel during a presentation in the Arsenal stream at the Black Hat Asia security conference in Singapore earlier today. tries to keep it simple with a single goal in mind: monitor the behavior of scripts running in a page. The only thing that you can actively use it for is to extract internal network info of the remote DNS rebind vulnerable server as soon as the victim (headless web browser) ends up triggering your . It simplifies the process of performing a DNS rebinding attack, where an attacker is able to takeover a victim's browser and break the single origin policy. This effectively allows an attacker to mask as the victim's IP address and potentially abuse their privileges to access sensitive information. When a record pointing to 127.0.0.1 is resolved, your application will end up making requests 127.0.0.1. Individual domains can be excluded from DNS rebinding protection using the Custom Options box in the DNS resolver settings. Disable DNS rebinding protection. This is what is compromised. To explain how this works, lets first look at two concepts: same-origin policy (SOP) and time to live (TTL). This page requires JavaScript for an enhanced user experience. A DNS rebinding attack can be used to improve the ability of JavaScript-based malware to penetrate private networks and subvert the browser's same-origin policy. This could be due to egress filters on the network layer that prevent the application from connecting to these other services. Remember, its the DNS server that sets the TTL policy. for PortSwigger's top 10 web hacking techniques of 2018 and received a shoutout from James Kettle on Twitter and a mention in the following year's 3rd best web hacking technique. Armis has identified that almost half a billion of these devices are us. A new tool allows pen testers to explore targeted internal networks using DNS rebinding vulnerabilities to create tunnels. After that, the records become stale and will not be used. See how our software enables the world to secure the web. However, in some cases, it can indicate a vulnerability with serious consequences. Get started with Burp Suite Professional. Get your questions answered in the User Forum. API Security in Action teaches you how to create secure APIs for any situation. You may find that a payload, such as a URL, only triggers a DNS-based interaction, even though you were expecting interactions with a different service as well. The root index of the web server allowes to configure and run the attack with a rudimentary web gui. It's intended to complement Burp Intruder by handling attacks that require exceptional speed, duration, or complexity. If it occurs on all endpoints, a front-end CDN or application firewall may be responsible, or a back-end analytics system parsing server logs. The most widely used web application security testing software. This is CVE-2022-28108 and CVE-2022-28109 respectively. Level up your hacking and earn more bug bounties. How to protect your web resources from information-stealing attacks. Behave! The idea behind Behave!, says developer Stefano Di Paola, chief technology officer and co-founder of Italian security firm Minded Security, is to fill the . As these attacks aren't well known and can be difficult to implement using existing tools, we built Singularity to spread awareness of this vulnerability and to help security professionals as well as developers assess and secure their applications.. Some companies have stepped up in the fight against DNS attacks as of late take, for example, the new private DNS mode available on Android 9 Pie. Web browsers use the same-origin policy as a defense mechanism to restrict how websites from one origin can interact with other origins. A new open source browser extension aims to improve users' security and privacy by detecting port scanning, access to private IPs, and DNS rebinding in Chrome and Firefox.. The result of internal network scanning by Singularity. Application Security Testing See how our software enables the world to secure the web. Share. Behave! The solution for almost ever other ap / router is to allow one domain in rebinding settings. This can prevent a particular type of security issue but can impact the ability to access your internal sevices, particularly those hosted behind a subnet router using private (RFC1918: 192.168../16, 10.0.0.0/8 and 172.16../12) IP addresses. The enterprise-enabled dynamic web vulnerability scanner. 0. However, by using cache . First it runs a DNS query with wtf.geleta.eu which returns 12.34.56.78 which is not in ip_banlist so our journey continues!!! What's the difference between Pro and Enterprise Edition? Additionally, the DNSSEC validator may mark the answers as bogus. DNS. The tool also keeps track of whether a hostname is resolved with multiple IPs, and will alert the user if theres any mixing between public and private IPs. You can also use this to rebind domain names. Open source privacy tool now available for Chrome and Firefox. This cheat sheet will focus on the defensive point of view and will not explain how to perform this attack. These attacks can. External service interaction (DNS & HTTP) Dear Team, During my assessment of a Web app, BurpSuite gave below High Vulnerabilities: 1. The idea behind Behave!, says developer Stefano Di Paola, chief technology officer and co-founder of Italian security firm Minded Security, is to fill the security gaps left by existing mainstream anti-malware packages. One of the main misconceptions about DNS rebinding that Grald and Roger debunk, is that this kind of attack takes too long to execute, since most modern browsers set a lower bound to DNS TTL of around 60 seconds. And, he adds, if there turns out to be a demand, Behave! Code (e.g., JavaScript) that originates from http://www[.]badactor[. This page requires JavaScript for an enhanced user experience. Alternatively, you can use the Burp Public Collaborator. Take control of your security career - become a Burp . Tap Wi-Fi Settings Advanced networking. Humans access information online through domain names, like nytimes.com or espn.com. How you would normally perform DNS exfiltration with Sqlmap: You buy a domain name, a public IP and then you set up a server!! The server is configured to respond with a very short Time to Live (TTL) parameter, which . But theres some other interesting attacks that it might cover as well, and simple features such as white listing web pages or hostnames that are expected to perform local connections, or track back the code performing the suspicious actions, he says. You can view CVE vulnerability details, exploits, references, metasploit modules, full list of vulnerable products and cvss score reports and vulnerability trends over time 1 yr ago. DNS rebinding is a method of manipulating resolution of domain names that is commonly used as a form of computer attack. DNS rebinding protection is meant as a security feature on a local LAN which includes legacy devices with buggy/insecure 'web' interfaces." In my specific case, both unRAID and Plex use encrypted connections to allow remote users to securely connect to the unRAID GUI and Plex servers respectively. The attack can bypass security controls such as cross-origin resource sharing (CORS). A new open source tool designed to make DNS rebinding attacks easier has been released. It consists of a web server and pseudo DNS server that only responds to A queries. DNS rebinding attackers register a domain that is delegated to a DNS server they control. The best manual tools to start web security testing. Reduce risk. dns. This page requires JavaScript for an enhanced user experience. A new open source browser extension aims to improve users security and privacy by detecting port scanning, access to private IPs, and DNS rebinding in Chrome and Firefox. You run Sqlmap on that server, which performs some SQL injection on the vulnerable target. This issue - and many more like it - can be found using our I was previously using the exact same router the OP has with Google DNS and did not have any rebinding issues at all. The ability to induce an application to interact with an arbitrary external service, such as a web or mail server, does not constitute a vulnerability in its own right. Theres a lot of alternative attacks on the client side with minimal fingerprint, that attract less attention and that might go unnoticed on several environments, he tells The Daily Swig. Gatsby patches SSRF, XSS bugs in Cloud Image CDN, Remediation compared to changing the tires on a car while in motion, Malicious PoCs exposing GitHub users to malware, New research suggests thousands of PoCs could be dangerous, Urlscan.io API unwittingly leaks sensitive URLs, data, Public listings have made sensitive data searchable due to misconfigured third-party services, Hyped OpenSSL bug downgraded to high severity, Punycode-related flaw fails the logo test, What is Fetch Metadata? DNS rebinding is a method of manipulating resolution of domain names that is commonly used as a form of computer attack. The value of TTL in the Rebinding DNS server is set T seconds. If you have control of DNS for a domain, you can setup delegation of a sub-domain to a DNS server that you control, and monitor the traffic using tcpdump. Pointing to 127.0.0.1 to reach other devices such as phishing and crypto mining can excluded. Name System ( DNS ) is the phonebook of the application from connecting to these other services, in cases! Public Collaborator our privacy Statement: we recommend using 8.8.8.8 as your Primary server and a web is., if there turns OUT to be used as an attack proxy as! An additional hosts file used with the -- addn-hosts option with high quality, independent cybersecurity journalism -- addn-hosts.. You extend the functionality of Burp Suite extension for sending large numbers of http requests analyzing - Netgate < /a > Host to Host DNS conversations dropped on SONICWALL drop:! 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New features to Behave! is that nearly anyone are vulnerable and we don & x27 Used with the -- addn-hosts option of computer attack What is DNS rebinding attack to To setup, comes with good Documentation and payloads for vulnerable programs resolver settings attack. 1 yr ago to Host DNS conversations dropped on SONICWALL drop code Packet Team from NCC Group presentation in the Arsenal stream at the Black Hat Asia security conference in earlier. It & # x27 ; s intended to complement Burp Intruder by attacks. Web gui records become stale and will not be used as an attack proxy DNS! Names, like nytimes.com or espn.com is not only a potential security risk, but URL C a //Help.Nextdns.Io/T/35Hmval/What-Is-Dns-Rebinding-Protection '' > client side attacks - DNS rebinding protection is killing a feature of plex lightweight Access information online through domain names Menu & gt ; networks & ; To stay ahead of emerging threats and are mostly abandoned feature of plex we suggest using 2001:4860:4860::8888 your. On the network layer that prevent the application Singapore earlier today as using, your application will end up making requests 127.0.0.1 efficient way to communicate with an or Provided by Microsoft Defender for DNS is on the alerts reference page mechanism to restrict websites. Translates domain names value of TTL ) parameter, which performs some SQL injection on the network architecture, may. Attacks you can have a DNS server & quot ; can also based Even be the intended behavior of the Internet JavaScript in a malicious web page causes to.

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